Employee Motivation in Tourism Industry

Employee want in Tourism perseveranceEmployee penuryAn measurable aspect for proceeds Excellence in Tourism IndustryIntroduction Employee motive is believed as wiz of the vital factor for some(prenominal) organisation in format to operate masteryfully and ensuring service uprightness. harmonise to Charles Woodruffe (2006)More and more than organizations especially those in the service sector bring in become attuned to the idea that there is non much point in employing populate at all if you ar not going to include steps to derive them want to give their best to you. But by no means all organizations think this way, and even if they do, they still lead to put this thinking into practice.Woodruffe (2006)C Wiley (1997) excessively holds and accepts the fact that employee indigence is one of the historic aspects for the organisation to achieve or fulfil its visions, missions and organisational death and thus attain success in the business.Motivated employees mor eovert end make powerful contributions to the profits and future success of a corporation(C Wiley 1997)capital of Minnesota Levesque believes that there is a unique relation between Employee Motivation and guest Satisfaction. High direct of Employee fanaticism result result in gamyer(prenominal) level of Customer Satisfaction.Employee move and customer satisfaction fuel apiece some early(a) in a chain reaction of contagious enthusiasm.(capital of Minnesota Levesque)For any investigate to be carried issue efficiently and effectively, its in truth important to jot down the main(prenominal) vexs and accusings. Laying out lay down arrests and objectives would benefit during search and will also be helpful teeming in attaining them.The Rationale of this search topic is to smallly review the enormousness of Employee pauperization for achieving service excellence in tourism industry by conducting an extensive research and using contrary paradigm and methods for re search.The main aim of the seek Topic is-To evaluate the intent and importance of employee motive for achieving last level of service excellence in Tourism industry.The above mentioned aim provides a broader idea for evaluating the role and importance of employee motivation for achieving high level of service excellence in Tourism industry. So in dress to critically evaluate e truly aspects of the mentioned aim, some important objectives view as been drafted which are given down the stairs-To identify employee motivation as an important whoreson for success of the organisations.To experiment the practise of motivational theories and dodge in order motivate employees and ensuring Service Excellence.To establish the growing use of recompense and credit entry and other methods like inducings as different ways of motivating employees later on drafting down the objectives of the research topic it would be worthy nice to understand that for achieving them, suitable paradigms , philosophies, approach and methodology should be used and reviewed.lit Review- literary productions by many an(prenominal) researchers has been identified as an important factor for carrying out any type of research as it plays major(ip) role in rationality important theories, selective information, figures etc and also help in relating them to the information imperturbable. But it is also important to understand that while engage research reviewing the open literature is an important step which should be followed. veal (2006) believes that,Reviewing the Literature on a topic can be one of the most rewarding and one of the most frustrating of research tasks. It is a task where a range of skills and qualities needs to be employed including patience, persistence, discernment and lateral thinking(Veal 2006).Hence, literature review also becomes an important break-dance of the research in order to analyze the content of the available Literature for come across the objectiv es of the research.This research is relate to evaluate the concept of employee motivation, its importance for ensuring high level of service excellence and the role played by it for the success of the organization. For this partingicular research there are lots of Academics books, journals Articles, Electronic Articles make on the Internet which provides extensive info. The info collected from the above mentioned junior-grade info play a crucial role in meeting the objectives of the research topic.At this stage of the research proposal briefly reviewing the available literature for the achievement of the mentioned objectives is requiredHence, for the first objective which is to identify employee motivation as an important tool for success of the organisations flow and match of old and Secondary data would be referred. Good and comprehensive Academic books, journals and entanglement articles are available in the form of Secondary Data which can be referred. in that respec t are looks of journals and web articles which provide critical knowledge about Employee Motivation would also be referred. ledgers articles and Web articles mentioned below gives data for the first objective-Motivating Your Staff in a Time of Change written by Susan M. HeathfieldThis article provides vital information about the fact that employees are one of the factors in the success and motivating them is equally important for managers. Susan M. Heathfield believesIn todays turbulent, often chaotic, environment, commercial success depends on employees using their full talents. Yet in bruise of the myriad of available theories and practices, managers often view motivation as something of a mystery.(http//humanresources.about.com/od/motivationsucces3/a/motivatestaff.htm)In the above article the author critically explains about the advantages of staff motivation, barrier in motivating staff and use of motivational theories and methods for achieving motivation.Motivating knowledg e workers to pioneer a model integration motivation dynamics and antecedents by Amar, A. DThis article develops a conceptual model synthesizing motivations what and how that will bring human creativity in organizations which enlarge on innovation and also understanding the theory and application of motivation which is very important in managing human resource and in fashioning organizations succeed.How to Encourage Employee Motivation written by Anthony Di PrimoThis article gives information about the importance of employee for attaining efficiency and success. Author also point out some important steps for optimum personnel utilization.Do altogether Carrots Look The Same? Examining the Impact of Culture on Employee Motivation by Justine Di Cesare and Golnaz SadriProvides extensive information about the effect of different dimensions of culture on Employee MotivationThe second Objective which is to examine the use of motivational theories and strategy in order motivate employees and ensuring Service Excellence. For achieving this objective, Academics books would be the best assets to use. There are many books on the topic of benignant Resource management and Organizational Behaviour which provide extensive knowledge about motivational theories and there importance. Academic books given below provides information about contented theories which mention theories developed by Maslow, Hertzberg, Mc. Clelland, Aldefer and Process motivational theories like prevision Theory, Equity Theory, Goal Theory and Attribution Theory. perplexity and Organisational Behaviour and Managing community in the Hospitality Industry by L.J, Mullins serviceman Resource instruction in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry written by Michael Riley. valet de chambre Resource precaution by Torrington, D., Hall, L and Taylor, S.Organizational Behaviour by H. Kirk Downey, Don Hellriegel, John W. Slocum.Strategic Human Resource Management, by Mabey, C. and Salaman, G.Apart from the a bove mentioned books, Journals article could be referred. Article written by Terence R. MitchellMotivation New Directions for Theory, research and Practice explains major theories of motivation concerned with the arousal and choice of behaviour, problems of implementation and directions for future research are suggested.For the ternary objective which is to establish the growing use of reward and recognition and other methods like incentives as different ways of motivating employees, a develop mix and match of firsthand and Secondary data would be referred. Following Books and Journals examine the use of reward and recognition and incentives as useful techniques.Strategic Human Resource Management, by Mabey, C. and Salaman, G which critically evaluate the reward strategy used by Mangers.What motivates employees accord to over 40 geezerhood of motivation keep abreasts by Wiley, C, which provide in-depth information about the changes in factors influencing Employee Motivation ov er the years.Recognise, Reward, Retain The Three Rs of work Management by Jennifer Juergens explains the concept of Reward, Recognition and Incentives for motivating employee and retaining them in the organisation for a long term.Employee Motivation and Work Incentives in the Service Industries by Robert W. McIntosh. This article explains the fact that to effectively motivate, a definite system of incentives or rewards is necessary. It also provides information different techniques and suggestion for motivating employees.Incentive remuneration not delivering role ownership? This article critically analyze to the fact that achievement related pay is supposed to motivate people to bewilder more ownership of their role, to work harder, be more productive and contribute.Thus by doing a literature review of the reliable research topic, it could be express that the above mentioned Academics books, Journals and Articles provides an in depth knowledge about the concepts of Motivation Theories, Employee motivation and its importance in Organisations success and achieving service excellence in tourism industry. Although in any research, literature review is an on-going service and in a alike way for this research topic many more relevant Academic Books, Journals and Articles would be referred in order to gain excessive information about the topic. explore Design and Methodology-Research Methodology according to Glyn Jackson,Methodologies are strategies with strong focus on gathering information, planning, and design elements(http//www.newebia.co.uk/articles/what-is-a-methodology.html) prescribed Paradigm and Phenomenology Paradigm are considered to be main paradigm for any research whence it would be very important to understand them briefly in order to efficiently use them for the current research topic.Positivist ParadigmPositivism is a framework of research, standardized to that adopted by the natural scientist, in which the researcher sees people as a phen omena to be studied from the outside, with behaviour to be explained on the tooshie of facts and observation gathered by researchers, using theories and models developed researchers(Veal 2006)In Positivist approach the data collected through is highly specific and circumstantial .It lays emphasis on quantitative observations and statistical analysis. (Collis, J 2003)On the other hand, Phenomenological paradigmIs a framework which gives more emphasis on the people being studied to provide their own explanation of their situation or behaviour.(Veal 2006)Phenomenological paradigm is predominately Qualitative in nature and data derived is highly sizable and subjective (Collis, J.2003).For the above mentioned Research topic, a PLURALISTIC approach which is a combination of both Positivist and Phenomenology paradigm. This approach has been taken as research process which includes both observations (Positivist) and the personal views (Phenomenology) of Managers and Employees on Employee Motivation and its relation to Service excellence. For this research Inductive approach has been applied as it believed to be a process whereby the exploration and analysis of related observation leads to the construction of a theory that systematically links such observations in a substantive way (Clark M 1998). Hence for this research, it would be described that Employee Motivation is requisite for Service excellence by collection of Primary ( refreshs) and Secondary (Books, Journals) data and then processing the collected data for explanation to fulfil the objectives of the proposed research.In this research topic as informed before for the first and the third objective Primary and Secondary sources will be used for achieving them. As far as the first and the third objectives goes along with using books, journals and articles, Primary data will be collected with the method of Survey. Major survey techniques will be used like-Face to Face audienceQuestionnairetelephonic Intervi ewsE mails Interviews and QuestionnaireFor the First objective at the preliminary stage, Telephonic Interviews or E mail Interviews would be conducted with Mangers and Supervisors in order to dispose them about the research and also to carry out Face to lay out Interviews at the later stages. By using these survey techniques the first objective of how employee motivation plays an important role in success of the Organisations can be identified.For the Third objective which is to examine the use of rewards and incentives as Motivators. A questionnaire will also be intentional for employees in order to gain information on how reward, recognition and incentives help them feel motivated.Telephonic and Face to daring Interview will be conducted with managers and Supervisors to understand their views on the rewards, recognition and incentive plans as motivators for their employees.Appendix 1 given at the end of the underwrite consists some of the strength Questions to be asked at t he time of Telephonic or Face to baptistry Interviews.For carrying out a successful survey it is very important for any researcher to use the technique of try.Sampling is a process by which researchers select a representative subset or part of the total people that can be studied for the topic so that they will be able to draw conclusion regarding the entire population(Levent Altinay and Alexandros Paraskevas 2008)Thus for this research, the area and number of organisations to be surveyed will be determined by the use of Multi stage sampling under Probility Sampling approach, hence undertaking Survey in four major towns of UK namely Birmingham, Wolverhampton, air jacket Bromwich and Walsall and at least 2 organisations will be surveyed from individually town. The number of Managers and Employees to be surveyed will be determined by the use of dewy-eyed Random Sampling in which 20 employees will be surveyed from each organisation and 2 managers or supervisors will be surveyed from each organisation. by and by discussing the Philosophy and Methodology of the research topic, another important step which would be taken care at the time of conducting the research is of Ethics. Ethics according to Veal (2006) is a behavior which is important in research, as in any other field of human activity.Ethical issues arise in the design and conduct of research and in the reporting of results. The general principles in codes of research ethics areThat no harm should befall the research subjectsThat subjects should take part freelyThat subject should take part on the basis of informed consent.(Veal 2006)At the time of conducted research, the questions for the Interviews and Questionnaire would be carefully designed so that they dont negative impression about the research. No individual will be forced to give interviews and answering questionnaire. The aims and objectives of the research will be discussed and made evident to the participant before doing survey of any kin d.After noting the value of Ethics in research it would be important to discuss briefly the importance of Reliability and Validity.Reliability is believed to be the extent to which research findings would be the same if the research were to be restate at a later date or with a different sample of subjects. In a phenomenological approach reliability is low as compared to positivist approach.(Veal 2006)On the other hand, Validity is the extent to which the information collected by the researcher truly reflects the phenomena being studied. In phenomenological approach grimness is high as compared to positivist approach(Veal 2006)Thus the above mentioned Research philosophy and methodology are appropriate as the methods used for data collection are apt enough to meet the objectives of the proposed Research Topic. closing-Finally in the end it would be worthy enough to spy the importance of Employee motivation for ensuring service excellence in tourism industry. Employee Motivation no t only plays an important role for service excellence but it is also very important for smooth operations of the organisations. Wiley, C. believe In order to attain to high levels of performance, employers depend on their employees to perform at levels that positively affect the bottom line. Thus, they must understand what motivates them. Such an understanding is essential to improving productivity and, ultimately, to ensuring the success of the company. The aim and objectives of the research topic are clear and the method of survey and sampling seems to be the most suitable in order to collect primary data and the literature review also proves the availability of sufficient secondary data in the form of Books, journals and internet sources. Thus it can be tell that the Positivist and Phenomenology paradigm , Pluralistic approach and methodology of Survey and Sampling of the research topic, if carried out in a systematic and organised air keeping in mind the Ethics of research can be very helpful in conducting a valid and reliable research.Referencing-BooksMullins, L.J. (1998) Managing wad in Hospitality Industry (3rd Edition)Harlow LongmanMullins, L.J. (1999) Management Organisational Behaviour (5th Edition)FT/scholar Hall capital of the United KingdomVeal, A (2006) Research Methods for Leisure and Tourism a Practical Guide, (3rd Edition), Harlow Prentice HallMabey, Christopher (1995), Strategic human resource management. Oxford Blackwell Business.Torrington, Derek (2004), Human resource management (6th Edition), Harlow Financial Times Prentice HallAltinay, L (2008), Planning research in hospitality and tourism, Amsterdam London Butterworth-HeinemannCollis. Hussey, R .(2003) Business Research a practical guide for undergraduate and high students , 2nd Edition, Hampshire Palgrave MacmillanAltinay, L, and Paraskevas, A. (2008), Planning research in hospitality and tourism, Amsterdam London Butterworth-Heinemann.Mona A. Clark (1998), Researching and writ ing dissertations in hospitality and tourism, London International Thomson Business Press.JournalsWiley, C (1997) What motivates employees according to over 40 years of motivation surveys, International Journal of Management, Vol 18, No 3, pp263-280Di Cesare, J Golnaz, S (2003) Do all carrots look the same? examining the impact of culture on employee motivation In Management Research News, 261Woodruffe, C. (2006), The crucial importance of employee engagement, Human Resource Management International Digest, Vol.14, No. 1, pp. 3-5.Jennifer Juergens (2005) Recognise, Reward, Retain The Three Rs of Performance Management, Successful Sales Management, pp. 6 14.Amar, A. D (2004), Motivating knowledge workers to innovate a mode integrating motivation dynamics and antecedents, European Journal of innovation Management, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 89 101Electronic Source (Internet Websites)Paul Levesque, (no date) Turn Your Employees into Customer Service Dynamos online. Cited 20th April 2008 Rob ert W. McIntosh, (no date) Employee Motivation and Work Incentives in the Service Industry online. Cited 20th April 2008. Zealise, (no date) Incentive remuneration not delivering role ownership online. Cited 20th April 2008.Glyn Jackson, (no date) what is a methodology? online . Cited 20th April 2008. Appendix 1Telephonic or Face to face Interview Some of the potential Questions to be asked at the time of Telephonic or Face to face InterviewsWorksheet Interview QuestionsWhat is the primary aim of your company?What really motivates your staff? be there any recent changes in the company that might have affected motivation?What are the barriers in motivation which stop employees playacting to best effect?What are the patterns of motivation in your company?How bear on are employees in company development?Does employee feel motivated when they take part in development process?