Progress of Agriculture Before and After Independence of India Essay

Agriculture has been the backbone of the Indian economy and it will continue to d sound so for a long time. It has to condense al about 17 per pennyime of universe population from 2. 3 per cent of population geographical field of operation and 4. 2 per cent of worlds peeing resources. The economic reforms, initiated in the rural during the early 1990s, provoke put the economy on a higher(prenominal) appendage trajectory. Annual growth rate in GDP has accelerate from below 6 per centum during the initial years of reforms to more than 8 percent in recent years. This happened mainly payable to rapid growth in non- tillage sector.The workforce engaged in agriculture mingled with 1980-81 and 2006-07 witnessed a very small lower from 60. 5 percent to 52 percent. The award cropping intensity of 137 per cent has registered an increase of single 26 per cent since 1950-51. The net sow area is 142 Mha. The net irrigated area was 58. 87 Mha in 2004-05. Presently, the total ne t irrigated area covers 45. 5 per cent of the net position area, the remaining 54. 5 per cent is rainfed. The abasement of land and surface as well as world water resources resolvents in fast deterioration of soil health.losings due to biotic (insect-pests, diseases, weeds) and abiotic (drought, salinity, heat, cold, etc. ) stresses paper for about one-fourth of the value of agricultural produce. The storage, transportation, processing, value addition and marketing of create produce need to be change to enhance household food, nutrition and financial support security. Indian agriculture is characterized by agro-ecological diversities in soil, rainfall, temperature, and cropping system. Besides favorable solar energy, the country receives about 3 trillion m3 of rainwater, 14 major, 44 medium and 55 nonaged rivers hare about 83 per cent of the drainage basin.About 210 billion m3 water is estimated to be available as ground water. Irrigation water is becoming a scarcely comm odity. Thus proper harvesting and effective utilization of water is of great importance. intense cultivation as a result of introduction of high yielding varieties in the mid 1960s required higher energy inputs and better management practices. republic preparation, harvesting, threshing and irrigation are the operations, which utilize most of the energy used in agriculture. The cover of animate index number in agriculture decreased from 92 er cent in 1950-51 to 20 per cent in 2000-01.For desired cropping intensity with timeliness in field operations, animate energy sources solely were no longer adequate. Farmers opted for mechanical federal agency sources to supplement animate power. Average sizing of farm holdings gradually reduced from 2. 58 ha to 1. 57 ha (Table 1). lilliputian and marginal farmers have limited resources in particular in rain-fed regions where only animate power is used resulting in low productivity. though agricultural production is high, the per hectare productivity is very much lower than world average. There is an pressing need to increase productivity.